Pengertian singkat Hortatory Exposition

• What is the social function of Hortatory Exposition?
  The social function  of Hortatory Exposition is to persuade the reader or listener that something should or should not be the case.
  Tujuan dari Hortatory Exposition yaitu teks berisikan argumen-argumen yang bertujuan untuk mempengaruhi pembaca atau pendengar akan suatu topik tertetu.
  
  
• What is generic structure of Hortatory Exposition?
  Thesis : announcement of issue concern
  Argument :  reasons for concern, leading to recommendation
  Recommendation :  statement of what ought to or ought not to happen
  Thesis: untuk memperkenalkan topik permasalahan dan menampilkan posisi penulis atau pembicara.
  Argument: berisi alasan-alasan untuk mendukung thesis yang dikemukakan; juga mengarah ke rekomendasi. Kata-kata yang biasa digunakan: First, Second, Furthermore, In addition, The last, dll
  Recommendaation: berisi saran-saran akan thesis yang dikemukakan. Biasanya menggunakan kata-kata: should, should not, ought to, ought not to, dll.
  
  
• Example of Hortatory Exposition:
  
  Thesis:
  
  Nowadays, many people have realized that agriculture is much more important than as the supporting tools in economic development. In Indonesia, agriculture should be the priority of development because of some good reasons. 
  
  
  Argument:
  First of all, the agriculture’s contribution in the beginning of the development is highest among the other sectors. At present, almost half of total Indonesian labors are working in agriculture sector, but the contribution of agriculture sector does not reach 30 percent. 
  
  
  Argument:
  Second, agriculture sector is expected to fulfill the need of food in a country. As the number of population increase in an alarming rate each year, food supply must also increase. But in developing countries, food production and agricultural production per capita never increase more than one percent each year, and in some extreme case, it even stagnant. 
  
  
  Argument:
  Last but not least, without agricultural development, the growth of industrial sector will be hampered because the growth that comes from industry will bring a wider gap into the internal economy in that country. In turn, this gap will create serious poverty problem, wider inequality of income distribution, and increase unemployment. 
  
  
  Recommendation:
  Based on the above discussion, it is obvious that the government should put agriculture as the priority of national development.

Penjelasan rinci tentang Analytical Exposition

(Analytical exposition merupakan teks tertulis maupun melalui lisan yang ditujukan untuk membujuk pembaca atau pendengar akan akan suatu kasus. Dalam penulisan atau penyampaian isi analytical exposition, penulis atau pembicara memberikan beberapa argumen atau alasan mendasar yang menjelaskan kenapa hal itu menjadi suatu kasus. Argumen atau alsan tersebut juga digunakan untuk mendukung ide-ide si pengarang agar idenya yang bersifat membujuk dapat lebih kuat. Teks analytical exposition bisa ditemukan di buku-buku, jurnal, majalah, koran, paper akademik, dan lain-lain. Analytical exposition merupakan hal yang popular dalam kehidupan akademik. Terdapat tiga struktur umum teks analytical exposition yaitu: (1) Thesis, (2) Arguments and (3) Reiteration or conclusion)

1. Thesis: untuk memperkenalkan topik permasalahan dan menampilkan posisi penulis atau pembicara. Biasanya diawali dengan kalimat I personally think, In my opinion, I believe, dll.
2. Arguments: berisi tentang alasan-alasan untuk medukung thesis yang dikemukakan. Diawali dengan kata-kata: First, Second, Furthermore, In addition, The last, dll

3. Reiteration : berisi tentang simpulan dari Thesis, dan Arguments yang dikemukakan. Kata-kata yang digunakan biasanya In my conclusion, Based on the arguments above, finally dll.

Corruption and Indonesian Culture

Thesis:
Corruption has happened for many years and today it becomes a bad culture in Indonesia for three reasons.

Argument 1:
Most adult Indonesian or foreigners have known and admitted that corruptions happen in many places. The daily newspapers, news programs on TV and radio have reported corruptions are done everywhere, almost in all departments or public services of this country. Corruptions happen in health, education departments and banks. When we manage to get somedocuments in public service offices, we usually need much money to pay. Manipulations happen everywhere.

Argument 2:
The actions to eliminate corruption are weak. The ever stronger culture seems not to come to an
end when the responsible institutions who have to reinforce the justice today commit corruption. This is the worst. Corruptions happen in police department, courts where judges, public prosecutors, lawyers make deals to do corruption. All of us also heard in the end of 2004, Probosutejo reported that he had bribed the Supreme Court, or called Mahkamah Agung which becomes the highest level where the justice can be obtained. Perhaps you have to try to come to the local courts and see what happen there. You will see practices of bribery and other kinds of corruption. Therefore, we can say that corruptions becomes our culture. Do you like it?

Argument 3:
The citizens have no goodwill to fight against the corruption. They create the situations in which people have opportunities to do corruptions. The citizens like to break the rules because they are not disciplined. For example, in the street when they drive a car or ride motorcycle, they do not have the driving license or necessary documents. Then, they are caught by the local policemen. To avoid more difficulties, they like to bribe the officer. The officer let them go then. In other words, the citizens and officers are the same, doing corruption together. If only the people were critical, disciplined, and obey the rules, and willing to report any wrong behaviors, this country will not be number one corrupting country in the world.

Reiteration/ conclusion:
In conclusion, corruption is becoming a bad culture in Indonesia if it is not ended soon by all of us. It seems that there must be more severe penalty for the corruptors. Do we still care about the future of this country?

Text Hortatory Paragraph

makanan apa lagi ya? :) Secara umum, hortatory exposition text adalah salah satu jenis persuasive writing. Apa tuh persuasive writing? itu tuh, makanan bule :) Bagi sobat yang sedang atau sudah mempelajari hortatory exposition text pasti sudah tahu kan? Bagi yang belum tahu, yuk kita belajar bareng...

Kita tinggalkan persuasive writing.. Mempelajari berbagai jenis text lagi... Belajar bahasa Inggris memang ribet ya? Tapi tidak apa-apa, toh nanti juga sobat mendapatkan manfaat yang sangat besar. Tidak percaya? Hmm.. coba deh belajar dulu dengan serius, nanti juga tahu sendiri manfaatnya...

Oke, langsung saja ini nih daftar isi pelajaran hortatory expositon text :

• Pengertian Hortatory Exposition
• Generic Structure of Hortatory Exposition
• Contoh Hortatory Exposition

PENGERTIAN HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT

Disebutkan dalam Concise Oxford Dictionary, Hortatory termasuk kata sifat (adjective) bermakna "tending or aiming to exhort" ("cenderung atau bertujuan mendorong / mendesak orang lain untuk melakukan sesuatu"). Sedangkan Exposition  bermakna "a comprehensive description and explanation of a theory" ("Penjelasan dan penjabaran sebuah teori secara komprehensif").

Jadi secara bahasa, jika disimpulkan, hortatory exposition adalah teks yang menjelaskan sebuah teori/masalah secara komprehensif dengan tujuan mendorong orang lain melakukan / tidak melakukan sesuatu.

GENERIC STRUCTURE OF HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Generic Structure, atau susunan umum hortatory exposition adalah sebagai berikut :

1.  Thesis / General Statement

Thesis / general statement berisi pernyataan pembuka mengenai topik pembahasan. Sebagai contoh kita akan membahas mengenai bahaya rokok, thesis statement yang bisa kita gunakan misalnya :

“Rokok dapat menyebabkan kanker, serangan jantung, dan impotensi”.

2.  Arguments

Arguments, ”Pendapat” berisi berbagai pembahasan lanjutan dari thesis statement secara detail. Akan lebih baik jika argument ini tidak hanya berisi pendapat pribadi penulis saja tapi juga bisa berisi pendapat para pakar. Mengacu pada contoh thesis statement tentang rokok di atas, kita bisa membuat arguments pendukung dengan lebih detail, misalnya :

Argument 1 : Saya mengira serangan jantung yang dialami direktur PT. LaptopButut, Pak “XXX”, disebabkan karena intensitas merokok lebih banyak dari pada minum air putih.(Terus kembangkan paragraf ini lebih dalam)

Argument 2 : Telah banyak dibuktikan bahwa rokok hampir menjadi sebab utama penyakit kanker. (Terus kembangkan paragraf ini)

Argument 3 : Impotensi seorang bos “XXX” di kota “XXX” disebutkan karena kebiasaanya merokok sebelum tidur. (terus kembangkan lagi paragraf ini)

3.  Recommendation.

Recommendation / suggestion berisi saran penulis tentang topik pembahasan. Jika membahas tentang bahaya rokok, sobat pasti tahu dong apa yang harus disarankan?

CONTOH HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Contoh hortatory expostion ini diambil dari buku bahasa Inggris Interlanguage yang membahas tentang "Masyarakat Indonesia harus menghargai perbedaan budaya demi Kesatuan Bangsa." Mari kita simak...

Indonesian People Should Value All the Different Culture to Promote Unity of the Nation

Indonesia is a culturally-diverse country. Many different religions and cultures from many provinces are now seen living side by side in many places. One of the biggest questions facing Indonesian today is how to deal with a culturally diverse citizenry and then promote unity.

Therefore, Indonesians should appreciate differences among culture for the following reasons. Firstly, Indonesia is vulnerable to separation for its archipelago and culture diversity. Raising tolerance among people is the best way to maintain the unity among differences. Many ways or cultures of living are equally legal, even if they are not regarded as normal by some people. If a society claims to be tolerant of personal choice, then it must respect the personal choice to retain their heritage. Then, unity of the nation can be preserved.


Secondly, Indonesians must recognize that every culture has different customs and beliefs. Thus, people are forbidden to make judgments of comparative value, for it is measuring something unmeasured. A plurality of nations, especially in the modern era, can allow for cultural development and cultural exchange that benefits both parties. The cross-cultural understanding among cultures makes the world a better place and preserves the unity of the nation.


Lastly, raising nationalism is one way to preserve unity of the nation. It is a sense of fellow feeling between group members. This promotes cooperation and social cohesion within the group. The sense of social cooperation makes welfare, social security and medical programs much more likely and stronger.


Cultural differences are sometime a sensitive matter for people. Indonesian people must teach younger generation about the importance of the cultural identity and nationalism to promote unity of the nation.

Untuk pembahasan lanjutan mengenai hortatory exposition, menyusul..